Proxima Andromeda

 Israel's beer from 7,000 years ago When did social beer drinking begin? There are traces of its ritual and religious use 14,000 years ago. But the first vestige of its social consumption is more recent. That's what they found when they studied beer from Israel 7,000 years ago. Fermented barley The trace was found in the area of Tel Tsaf in the Jordan Valley. It is known that beer was a beverage used in ancient times in religious ceremonies and rituals. But this finding confirms its use as a social drink in the Levant region. And it was before the spread of alcohol in the Bronze Age (approx. in 3,300 BC). Researchers at the University of Haifa found traces of starch in wheat and barley grains in ancient pottery. Under the microscope, they observed that it showed signs of fermentation. There was no doubt about it: it was used in the production of alcohol. One of the researchers, Danny Rosenberg, noted that Tel Tsaf was known to be a prosperous place. "Its prosperity was man

 Ship to circumnavigate Denmark with passengers, but without crew The Nelly Bly will leave the port of Hamburg next September. On board this small tug will be three people, but none of them will take the controls unless it is an emergency. It is an autonomous boat and its creators want it to circumnavigate Denmark. The crossing is neither short nor easy. It is a route of 1,000 nautical miles (approximately 1852 km) filled with sea traffic of all kinds and with stops at equally busy ports. The promoters of the voyage are an American company called Sea Machines and the aim of the voyage is precisely to test their new autonomous maritime navigation system, the SM300. The SM300 is a computerized vision system that complements GPS guidance systems and all other computerized nautical information enjoyed by human-piloted vessels. The system is not only capable of following a predetermined route. It also detects obstacles and avoids them along that same route. This last detail is critical when

 Three Russian politicians have the same name and the same face The story takes place in the elections for a municipal seat in St. Petersburg, Russia. There, candidate Boris Vishnevsky was looking like a clear winner until one morning he finds his image next to those of his two rivals wallpapering the entire city. His rivals are also Boris Vishnevsky, and it would seem that they are the same person. Put another way, at first glance it looks like Vishnevsky is running against two people who not only legally changed their names to his, but also borrowed his physical appearance to confuse voters. What? Yes, and apparently it's nothing new that Russian opposition politicians are used to running against candidates with the same last name. In fact, it's a common tactic with the idea of derailing a few votes in close elections. Local media reports say that Vishnevsky, a senior member of the liberal Yabloko party running for public office in a St. Petersburg district, already knew that

 Scientists Are Toilet Training Cows To Reduce Emissions Researchers in Germany recently demonstrated that cattle can learn to go to the bathroom to reduce some of their climate impact. By making young cows urinate in latrines made of grass, the team of animal behavior and agricultural science experts stopped the natural production of nitrous oxide caused by cow urine. Cows are notorious for their contributions to greenhouse gas emissions in large-scale agriculture; the animals burp (and to a lesser extent, fart) methane, and their urine and feces combine to produce ammonia, which is not itself a greenhouse gas, but is converted to nitrous oxide by soil microbes. The team trained nearly a dozen calves to urinate in a makeshift latrine, dubbed MooLoo, thus preventing the urine from becoming part of the problem. The research was published Monday in Current Biology . "It is generally assumed that cattle are not capable of controlling defecation or urination," Jan Langbein, an a

 The first action-packed Hawkeye trailer between Kate and Clint is here! We've seen photos and heard some rumors, but finally, we have our first official look at the new Hawkeye series. Today, Marvel Studios released the first official trailer for its latest Disney Plus series, Hawkeye, which will star Jeremy Renner (Clint Barton) and Hailee Steinfeld (Kate Bishop), a 22-year-old archer who wants to follow in his footsteps. The series, heavily inspired by Matt Fraction and David Aja's comics, will follow Barton's wanderings after the events of Avengers: Endgame and his teachings to young Kate. The series will also star another of Black Widow's leading ladies, Florence Pugh, who will return to her role as Yelena Belova. When we last saw Yelena, she was visiting Natasha's grave after her sister's untimely sacrifice in Endgame, and it was revealed that Falcon and the mysterious Countess Valentina Allegra de Fontaine, who appears in Winter Soldier, is her new bos

 How do fish sleep? We have probably all asked this question at least once in our lives. Most of us, usually during our childhood, have had fish as pets, however, although we have tried to observe them sleeping, we have not obtained the answers we expected... But of course, the word sleeping does not exactly define their resting period. It seems that fish do not sleep since, apparently, they are always with their eyes open. But the simple fact that fish do not have eyelids does not mean that they do not sleep. Like any living being, they also need a rest time, as all animals respond to the time and stationary cycles of this planet. They sleep in their own way, motionless at the bottom of rivers, seas or aquariums. They slow their heart rate and completely suspend any movement to achieve something like a short hibernation. They have a transparent membrane that covers their eyes, preventing the dim light of the night from disturbing their "sleep". Something like our eyelids. Fi